Translational Health Reports

Abstract Introduction: Managing osteoporosis in the elderly, a common issue in aging populations worldwide, demands effective approaches to lower fracture risk and maintain life quality. Although calcium and vitamin D provide basic support, strong anti-resorptive drugs such as zoledronic acid are frequently required. This review compiles evidence on using zoledronic acid together with calcium and calcitriol to treat primary osteoporosis in older adults.
Methods: A narrative literature review was performed. Searches were conducted in electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for pertinent clinical trials, meta-analyses, and review articles published through 2024. Important search terms were "zoledronic acid," "senile osteoporosis," "bone mineral density," "bone turnover markers," "calcitriol," and "quality of life." Emphasis was placed on studies involving older populations and combinations of these treatments.
Results: Strong evidence shows that triple therapy (zoledronic acid, calcium, and calcitriol) is more effective than dual therapy (calcium and calcitriol alone) in substantially raising bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and hip. It creates a better bone metabolic state, marked by a significant reduction in resorption markers (CTX-1) and a subtle adjustment of formation markers (PINP, Osteocalcin). This treatment also leads to greater enhancements in quality of life scores (QUALEFFO-41) and shows a tolerable safety profile, with short-lived acute-phase reactions being the most frequent side effects.
conclusion: The combination treatment provides a synergistic, multi-target strategy. Zoledronic acid strongly hinders osteoclast-driven bone resorption, while calcium and calcitriol maintain a positive calcium balance and directly affect bone cell activity. This leads to stronger bones, decreased fracture risk, and better patient well-being. Long-term adherence and uncommon side effects are still factors to consider, but the benefit-risk balance is very positive for high-risk elderly patients.

Abstract Backgrounds: Hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP) is a growing and serious subtype of acute pancreatitis, involving a complicated interaction of metabolic imbalance, widespread inflammation, and clotting irregularities. The potential of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and early enteral nutrition (EEN) as supplementary treatments has attracted considerable attention for their ability to influence central disease mechanisms.
Methods: This detailed review integrates findings from clinical research, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses released between 2010 and 2024, gathered via systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Emphasis was placed on studies assessing how LMWH and EEN affect immune markers (IgA, IgG, IgM), clotting factors (PT, TT, APTT, FIB), inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, CRP), and nutritional indicators (TP, ALB, TRF) in HLAP patients.
Results: Current data suggest that using LMWH together with EEN produces better patient results than traditional care alone. Notable outcomes involve a marked decrease in inflammatory markers, better clotting function, higher antibody levels, and improved nutritional measures. This combined method is linked to reduced hospitalization time, quicker return of digestive function, and fewer complications like multiple organ failure.
Conclusion: The complementary actions of LMWH and EEN tackle the diverse causes of HLAP. LMWH enhances blood flow in the pancreas while lowering excessive clotting and inflammation, whereas EEN protects intestinal lining and helps regulate immunity. Subsequent studies should aim to establish consistent treatment guidelines and determine which patients would gain the most from this dual therapy.

Abstract Background: Physical inactivity is a key risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). This systematic review explores the role of exercise in cardiac rehabilitation for CHD patients, emphasizing the integration of nuclear stress tests and tumor imaging techniques to assess heart function.

Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted, analyzing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indexed in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, and EMBASE. Studies were selected based on criteria related to exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation, including outcomes such as cardiovascular mortality, hospitalization, and quality of life. Imaging methods, such as nuclear stress tests and tumor imaging, were also considered. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.

Results: Five RCTs were included in the final analysis. The reviewed literature consistently reported that exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation led to reductions in cardiovascular mortality and hospital admissions, alongside notable improvements in patient quality of life. The inclusion of nuclear stress tests was found to improve diagnostic accuracy for identifying myocardial ischemia and assessing heart function during exercise. Tumor imaging techniques were successfully used to identify cardiac tumors and monitor post-surgical heart function.

Conclusion: This systematic review supports the integration of exercise as a core component of cardiac rehabilitation programs for CHD patients. The findings indicate significant benefits in reducing cardiovascular mortality and improving quality of life. The use of nuclear stress tests and tumor imaging techniques enhances the precision of rehabilitation strategies, offering a more personalized approach to care.